Identifying the pest correctly helps you tailor control tactics. Choose chemicals that are safe for people and the environment. Follow product labels and only apply what is recommended.

Physical controls such as traps, barriers, and exclusion can help keep pest populations below harmful levels. Mechanical controls like caulking, repairing cracks, and replacing damaged screens can also help. Contact Pest Control Columbia MO now!

Pest identification is the first step in developing a pest control strategy. In some cases, precise pest identification may require consulting with an expert or even sending a specimen to a laboratory. However, in many situations, a simple inspection can provide the information needed to identify a pest and determine whether action is necessary or not.

Pests can look very similar through different stages of their life cycle, and immature forms are often mistaken for non-pests, or vice versa. This makes accurate pest identification important to ensure that the correct pest is being controlled, as well as to understand how the problem developed. In addition, knowing what a pest looks like in its adult form can help determine the best methods for controlling it.

For example, cockroaches tend to leave shed skins behind as they grow, which can help you identify them when they enter the house. Likewise, rodent droppings are usually easy to recognize, as are the scratching sounds they make. A basic pest guide can be used to compare these characteristics with a picture of the pest and identify it.

Another great resource is the National Identification Services (NIS) pest identification service, which provides scientific expertise in plant pathology, entomology, malacology, and mycology. NIS is the official pest identification service for the USDA Plant Protection and Quarantine program, as well as several State departments of agriculture and land-grant universities.

In general, a pest is any vertebrate or invertebrate animal that causes economic damage to plants or crops, or that threatens human health and safety. In addition to weeds, pests can include small mammals (e.g., black and brown rats and mice), insects (e.g., aphids, beetles and flies), birds (e.g., pigeons and seagulls), or other animals.

The best way to prevent a pest problem is by eliminating conditions that encourage it. For instance, by regularly removing debris that can harbor pests, and by cleaning up or sealing water-holding containers to eliminate mosquito breeding sites. Pest prevention also involves reducing pests’ food sources by keeping a clean home and pantry and by storing food in sealed containers. For indoor pests, it is important to maintain air quality by sealing cracks and ductwork and sweeping regularly, and by ensuring that trash cans are tightly closed.

Pest Prevention

Pest control focuses on the prevention of pest infestations. An integrated pest management (IPM) plan considers the life cycle of each pest, possible damage caused and environmental factors such as weather and soil conditions. IPM strategies may include physical, biological or chemical methods of pest control.

Some pests carry diseases that can affect human health. EPA regulates products to prevent and control the spread of these disease-causing organisms, such as mosquitoes that transmit the Zika virus, ticks that spread Lyme disease and rodents that cause rabies.

Preventing pests requires looking at the environment in which they live and making changes to reduce their food, shelter and water sources. For example, if a pest is attracted to milk residue left behind in discarded containers of milk or juice, the container can be cleaned or replaced with one that has a lid. Removing garbage from outdoor areas regularly and keeping trashcans covered can also help deter pests.

Scouting and monitoring can determine if pests have reached nuisance or damaging levels. For example, a few flies buzzing around the kitchen or a few bird droppings on a roof don’t warrant pest control, but if the number of these insects is increasing rapidly and the building is being damaged, action should be taken.

Biological pest control involves releasing natural enemies of the pest in order to suppress its population. This method of pest control includes predators, parasites, and nematodes. It can also involve the use of sterile males or juvenile hormones to keep populations in check.

Chemical pest control uses a variety of chemicals to kill or repel pests, including fungicides, herbicides and insecticides. To minimize harm to non-target plants and animals, pesticides should be applied only when needed and in small amounts. Always follow product label instructions for application rates, and never apply more than the recommended amount. Always purchase pesticides only from reputable dealers who sell them in their original containers. Avoid transferring pesticides between containers, as this can lead to accidental ingestion by children or pets. Using alternative forms of pest control can help you reduce your dependence on chemical pesticides, such as planting crops that attract beneficial insects instead of repellents.

Pest Control Tactics

There are several different pest control tactics. These include prevention, suppression, and eradication. Prevention involves making your environment unattractive to pests. This includes regularly cleaning up rotting produce, garbage and compost piles, eliminating shelter from around your home and yard (such as stacks of firewood), keeping food and water supplies away from pests, and removing places where pests can harbor or breed.

Suppression involves reducing pest populations to below damaging levels. This is often done by monitoring, which identifies when pests reach unacceptable levels and allows treatment to begin before damage occurs. Suppression may also be achieved through cultural practices, such as changing irrigation or changing cultivation techniques to reduce root disease, weeds and nematodes, which can be problems in many crops.

Biological control uses natural enemies to suppress pest populations and damage without or with reduced pesticide use. This is accomplished by introducing predators, parasites, or pathogens to the area in which the pest is present. Often there is a lag between the rise of the pest population and the corresponding increase in the numbers of its natural enemies. This is why this tactic must be continuously monitored and supplemented with other controls.

Chemical control involves using chemical agents to destroy or repel pests. Common chemicals include insecticides, herbicides and fungicides. Generally, chemical control is only used when other control measures have failed or cannot be applied. Chemicals should be applied according to label directions and monitored carefully to prevent their damaging effects on non-target organisms or the environment.

Integrated Pest Management, or IPM, is the combination of control tactics to reduce pests and their damage to an acceptable level. In IPM, the strategies are tailored to the specific conditions and circumstances of the situation. Regular monitoring of the crop enables pest managers to determine when and if pesticides are needed and to predict which control tactics will be most effective. IPM programs are designed to reduce the risk of damage, maximize yield and quality, and minimize environmental impact.

Pest Control Strategy

There are three goals in pest control: prevention, suppression, and eradication. Prevention means keeping a pest from becoming a problem; suppression is reducing the numbers or damage to an acceptable level; and eradication is eliminating a pest population altogether. Prevention is the most common goal in outdoor pest situations, but eradication can also be achieved in indoor environments, such as offices, schools, hospitals, and food preparation and storage areas.

The decision to apply a particular pest control tactic is based on a number of factors, including the type and severity of injury, economic or aesthetic injury thresholds, and environmental conditions at the treatment site. Monitoring and scouting are important tools for assessing pest damage and population levels. Monitoring can include:

• Trapping or scouting.
• Identifying pest types and populations accurately.
• Evaluating the health of plants (both aboveground and belowground).
• Checking environmental conditions such as soil temperatures and moisture levels.

Some pest populations are cyclical or sporadic and may not need regular control; others can cause severe, damaging problems on a more continuous basis. In addition, natural forces — such as weather and availability of food and shelter — influence the behavior and population levels of all organisms and can help or hinder pest control.

In a healthy ecosystem, natural enemies — predators, parasitoids, disease organisms, and competitors — often keep populations of plant-feeding insects and mites, nematodes, weeds, or vertebrates in check. Homeowners can often encourage these natural enemies to reduce pest populations by changing landscape practices, such as removing leaf litter or other debris that provides hiding places for pests; mulching with wood products that are not accessible to insects; planting flowering plants such as asters (Aster spp) and fruiting shrubs such as serviceberry (Amelanchier canadensis) to attract insect predators; and adjusting irrigation practices.

The use of chemicals to control pests is usually the last resort and should only be used when the benefits outweigh the risks. If a pesticide is used repeatedly, it can lead to the development of resistant populations; therefore, using different pest control methods on a rotating basis helps to prevent resistance.